心绞痛(稳定型心绞痛)
You may have heard the term “心绞痛 pectoris” (or “stable 心绞痛”). So, what is it, 和 what could it mean for you? It’s important to underst和 the basics.
Angina pectoris is the medical term for chest pain or discomfort due to 冠心病. It occurs when the heart muscle doesn't get as much blood as it needs. This usually happens because one or more of the heart's arteries is narrowed or blocked, also called 缺血.
Angina usually causes uncomfortable pressure, fullness, squeezing or pain in the center of the chest. You may also feel the discomfort in your neck, jaw, shoulder, back or arm. (Many types of chest discomfort — such as heartburn, lung infection or 炎症 -与心绞痛无关.) Angina in women can be different than in men.
心绞痛什么时候发生?
Angina often occurs when the heart muscle needs more blood than it's getting, such as during physical activity like climbing a hill or stairs, or when you're having strong emotions. Severely narrowed arteries may allow enough blood to reach the heart when the dem和 for oxygen is low, 比如当你坐着的时候, 但心绞痛也可能在休息时发生.
症状
疼痛/不适:
- Occurs when the heart must work harder, usually during physical exertion.
- Doesn't come as a surprise, 和 episodes of pain tend to be alike.
- Usually lasts a short time (5 minutes or less).
- 休息也好，吃药也好.
- 可能感觉有气或消化不良.
- May feel like chest pain that spreads to the arms, back or other areas.
Possible triggers of stable 心绞痛 include:
Track your 心绞痛 symptoms with our Angina Log.
治疗
People with stable 心绞痛 have episodes of chest pain. The discomfort is usually predictable 和 manageable. You might experience it while running or if you’re dealing with stress.
Normally, this type of chest discomfort is relieved with rest, nitroglycerin or both. Nitroglycerin relaxes the coronary arteries 和 other blood vessels, reducing the amount of blood that returns to the heart 和 easing the heart’s workload. Relaxing the coronary arteries increases the heart’s blood supply.
Other medications may be prescribed to prevent 心绞痛 from occurring, such as beta-blockers 和 calcium channel blockers. They lower blood pressure 和 heart rate 和 reduce the workload on the heart.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors 和 angiotensin II receptor blockers may be prescribed to help reduce blood pressure 和 reduce the risk of heart attack due to coronary artery disease.
Additional medications may include statins 和 antiplatelet drugs. Statins reduce LDL (bad) cholesterol 和 antiplatelet drugs help prevent blood clots from forming, both of which help reduce the risk of heart attack 和 stroke.
If you experience chest discomfort, be sure to contact your health care team immediately to set up a complete evaluation 和, 可能, 测试. If you have stable 心绞痛 和 start getting chest pain more easily 和 more often, see your health care professional immediately. You may be experiencing early signs of 不稳定性心绞痛.
